Theodojre efagel



Patented Sept. 9, 192-4.

UNITED STATES THEOIDURE lT Ar -i131 01'" BROOKLGYN, NET/V YORK.

BINDING-FUEL MATERIAL Ali'lD METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME.

N 0 Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THEODORE i AenL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and city and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Binding-Fuel Materials and Methods of Producing Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the production of a binding fuel material and its use in various aggloi'nerating processes, particularly applicable in the manufacture of fuel briquets and more particularly to the manu facture of waterinsoluble, smokeless, domestic fuel briquets. It refers particularly to the production of a hard, smokeless, water-insoluble binder fuel from a water soluble liquid binding material the coin ponent parts of which are produced in sub stantially unlimited quantities,

One of the objects of this invention is to produce at a. reasonable cost a coinn'iercially practicable binding fuel material for briquetting the large tonnage of comminuted fuels which are waste products of little commercial value in their present form and which when briquetted can be used as fuel substitutes.

lVith these and other objects in view, this invention consists of the various steps and combination of steps constituting the process, all as will be more fully hereinafter disclosed and more. particularly pointed out in the claims.

The carrying out of my invention may be best illustrated by describing the production of fuel briquets in which my improved binding material is used. The smokeless fuels available for domestic briquets are fines of anthracite coke, semicarbonized bituminous coal and carbonized lignite. Fines of bituminous coal, however, can also be briquetted with my binding ma terial. To render the briquets water-insoluble, they must be baked, as will be pointed out hereinafter.

As an example of my improved binding fuel material which may be mixed with any of the above mentioned fuels, I mix approximately one part by weight of a material possessing drying properties such as sulphite pitch with two parts by weight of a liquid possessing adhesive properties such as blackstrap molasses. lVith 100 parts by weight of anthracite culm, for example, approxi- Application filed December 8, 1923.

Serial Ito. 679,304.

mately 8 parts by weight of the binding material just referred to will be required to make successful briquets when pressed. It has been found that the actual amount of binding material required varies with the fineness of the fuel particles. This is due principally to the increased surface that must be wetted and cemented together. it. ter the briquets leave the press, they are tough, dry rapidly and become hard enough to withstand the usual handling received by coal. To convert the binding material into a hard, smokeless, water-insoluble binder fuel material, the briquets should be baked at a temperature above e00 F. for at least fifteen minut s for example depending, of con se, upon the size and shape of the briquc s.

l have discovered that when molasses and sulphite pitch are mixed in proper proportions, the mixture coagulates and is less fluid than either of its constituents. The proportions of sulphite pitch and molasses vary from the example given above but in any event the amount of sulphite pitch in the mixture should be substantially not less than ten per cent of the molasses by weight.

Molasses or blackstrap, the residue after extracting sugar crystals from sugar juice, used alone as binding material, produces green briquets that without heat require a long time to set up and become hard.

Sulphite pitch, the concentrated waste, liquor from wood pulp paper industry, used alone as binding material, Jroduces fragile green briquettes which dry rapidly.

lVhen the two materials are mixed as above pointed out to form the new binding fuel material, green briquettes produced therewith have toughness imparted by the molasses and, due to the sulphite pitch, dry rapidly forming hard and tough briquets which will withstand the usual handling that coal receives.

Fuel briquettes baked until they are water-insoluble, when molasses alone is used as a binding material, lose their toughness, become fragile and will not withstand handling incident to shipping. On the other iand fuel briquets baked until they become hard, when sulphite pitch is used alone as a binding material, do not resist the disintegrating action of Water.

Fuel briquets baked as above indicated, when a mixture of molasses and sulphite pitch is used as a binding material, become hard, smokeless, waterinsoluble fuel which resists the disintegrating action of water encountered in weather conditions of open car shipments and outdoor storage.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of the process without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosures except as may be required by the claims.

that I claim is:

l. The method of making a binding fuel material for finely divided substances which method consists in mixing a liquid possessing adhesive properties with a material possessing drying properties in such proportions that upon incorporating with the finely divided substances, pressing and heating, said mixture will form a hard, smokeless, water-insoluble binder.

2. The method of making a binding fuel material for finely divided substances which method consists in mixing molasses with sulphite pitch in such proportions that upon incorporating with the finely divided substances and pressing the agglomerates will be tough, dry quickly and harden, substantially as described.

3. The method of making a binding fuel material for finely divided substances which method consists in mixing molasses with sulphite pitch in such proportions that upon incorporating with the finely divided substances, pressing and heating, the said mixture of molasses and sulphite pitch Will be converted into a hard, smokeless, waterinsoluble binder.

4-. The method of manufacturing a binding fuel material for briquetting fuels which comprises mixing molasses and sulphite pitch in such proportions that after the mixture is incorporated with comminuted fuel, pressed and heated above t00 F. the mixture of molasses and sulphite pitch will be converted into a hard, water-insoluble, smokeless binder.

5. The herein described new binding fuel material for briquettingwhich comprises a mixture of molasses and sulphite pitch which on incorporating with finely divided fuel and pressing forms tough briquets that dry quickly and harden, substantially as described.

6. The herein described new binding fuel material for briquetting which comprises a mixture of molasses and sulphite pitch in such proportions that upon heating the mixture will be converted into a smokeless, Water-insoluble binder.

7. The herein described new binding fuel material for' briquetting fuels which comprises a mixture of molasses and sulphite pitch in which the amount of sulphite pitch is substantially not less than ten per cent (10%) of the molasses by Weight.

This specification signed this 7th day of December, 1923.

THEODORE NAGEL. 

